Installation and use method of heat exchanger

The installation foundation of the heat exchanger must be satisfied so that the heat exchanger does not sink, or the pipe transfers excessive deformation to the heat exchanger tube. The foundation is generally divided into two types: one is a brick saddle foundation. The heat exchanger is directly placed on the saddle foundation without a saddle support. The heat exchanger and the foundation are not fixed, and can expand with the needs of thermal expansion. Move freely. The other is a concrete foundation. The heat exchanger is firmly connected to the foundation by anchor bolts through saddle supports. To
Before installing the heat exchanger, a strict inspection and acceptance of the foundation quality should be carried out. The main items are as follows: basic surface profile; foundation elevation, plane position, shape and main dimensions, and whether the reserved holes meet actual requirements; the location of anchor bolts Whether it is correct, whether the thread is in good condition, whether the nut and washer are complete; whether the foundation surface on which the shim is placed is flat, etc. To
After the foundation acceptance is completed, put the shim on the foundation before installing the heat exchanger, and the surface of the foundation where the shim is placed must be leveled to ensure good contact between the two. The thickness of the shim can be adjusted so that the heat exchanger can reach the designed level. After the shim is placed, the stability of the heat exchanger on the foundation can be increased, and its weight can be evenly transferred to the foundation through the shim. The shim can be divided into flat shim, oblique shim and open shim. Among them, the inclined shim must be used in pairs. There should be shim irons on both sides of the anchor bolts. The installation of the shim irons should not hinder the thermal expansion of the heat exchanger. After the heat exchanger is in place, the heat exchanger needs to be leveled with a spirit level, so that all pipes can be unstressed. Connect the pipes in the case. After leveling, the oblique shim can be welded firmly to the Shiba seat, but it must not be welded to the flat shim or the sliding plate below. When installing more than two overlapping heat exchangers, the lower heat exchanger should be aligned and the anchor bolts should be fully fixed before installing the upper heat exchanger. Before installation of the drawable tube bundle heat exchanger, the core should be checked, cleaned, and the sealing surface and baffle should be protected when the tube bundle is drawn. When moving and lifting the tube bundle, the tube bundle should be placed on a special supporting structure to avoid damage to the heat exchange tubes. To
According to the form of the heat exchanger, there should be enough space at both ends of the heat exchanger to meet the requirements of conditions (operation) for cleaning and maintenance. The fixed head cover end of the floating head heat exchanger should have enough space to be able to withdraw the tube bundle from the shell, and the outer head cover end must also leave a position of more than one meter to install and remove the outer head cover and the floating head cover. To
Enough space should be left at both ends of the fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger so that the tubes can be drawn out and replaced. Also, when cleaning the inside of the tube mechanically. Both ends can be used to scrub the tube. The fixed head cover of the U-shaped tube heat exchanger should leave enough space to draw out the tube bundle, or leave enough space at its opposite end to allow the shell to be removed. To
The heat exchanger shall not operate under conditions exceeding the conditions specified on the nameplate. The temperature and pressure drop of the tube and shell side medium should be monitored frequently, and the leakage and fouling of the heat exchange tube should be analyzed. Shell-and-tube heat exchangers use pipes to exchange heat, cool, condense, heat and evaporate the materials inside and outside of the pipe. Compared with other equipment, the surface area of ​​other corrosive media contact appears to be very large, and the joints of corrosion perforations occur. The risk of slack leakage is very high. Therefore, the anti-corrosion and anti-leakage methods of the heat exchanger must be considered more than other equipment. When the heat exchanger is heated by steam or cooled by water, the dissolved substances in the water will be heated after heating. Most of the solubility will be improved, while the calcium sulfate type of substance is almost unchanged. Cooling water is often recycled. Due to the evaporation of water, the salt is concentrated and deposits or dirt are generated. In addition, the corrosive dissolved gases and chloride ions in the water cause equipment corrosion, which alternates between corrosion and scaling, which intensifies the corrosion of steel. Therefore, it must be cleaned to improve the performance of the heat exchanger. Since the difficulty of cleaning increases rapidly with the increase of the thickness or deposition of the scale layer, the cleaning interval should not be too long. It should be based on the characteristics of the production device, the nature of the heat exchange medium, the corrosion rate and the operating cycle. Carry out inspection, repair and cleaning.